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Sunday 30 January 1972 stands as one of the deadliest – and significant – days throughout multiple decades of conflict in Northern Ireland.

Throughout the area where events unfolded – the memories of that fateful day are visible on the buildings and etched in collective memory.

A public gathering was conducted on a cold but bright period in Londonderry.

The march was opposing the system of detention without trial – holding suspects without trial – which had been put in place in response to an extended period of conflict.

Soldiers from the specialized division fatally wounded multiple civilians in the district – which was, and continues to be, a overwhelmingly republican area.

A particular photograph became notably prominent.

Images showed a clergyman, Father Daly, waving a bloodied cloth in his effort to defend a group carrying a young man, Jackie Duddy, who had been mortally injured.

Media personnel documented considerable film on the day.

The archive includes Fr Daly telling a journalist that troops "just seemed to fire in all directions" and he was "completely sure" that there was no reason for the shooting.

This account of events was rejected by the original examination.

The first investigation concluded the Army had been attacked first.

Throughout the resolution efforts, Tony Blair's government commissioned another inquiry, following pressure by bereaved relatives, who said the first investigation had been a whitewash.

In 2010, the report by the investigation said that overall, the soldiers had discharged weapons initially and that zero among the victims had presented danger.

The contemporary government leader, the leader, issued an apology in the House of Commons – saying deaths were "improper and inexcusable."

Law enforcement commenced examine the matter.

An ex-soldier, known as Soldier F, was charged for homicide.

He was charged regarding the killings of the first individual, twenty-two, and twenty-six-year-old the second individual.

Soldier F was additionally charged of trying to kill Patrick O'Donnell, other civilians, Joe Mahon, an additional individual, and an unknown person.

There is a legal order preserving the veteran's identity protection, which his legal team have maintained is required because he is at threat.

He testified the investigation that he had exclusively discharged his weapon at people who were possessing firearms.

The statement was disputed in the official findings.

Material from the investigation was unable to be used straightforwardly as evidence in the legal proceedings.

In court, the defendant was screened from view with a protective barrier.

He made statements for the opening instance in the hearing at a proceeding in December 2024, to answer "not guilty" when the charges were read.

Kin of the deceased on the incident travelled from Derry to Belfast Crown Court daily of the proceedings.

John Kelly, whose brother Michael was died, said they understood that listening to the proceedings would be emotional.

"I visualize the events in my memory," John said, as we visited the main locations discussed in the proceedings – from Rossville Street, where Michael was shot dead, to the adjacent the courtyard, where the individual and the second person were killed.

"It even takes me back to my location that day.

"I participated in moving my brother and place him in the vehicle.

"I experienced again each detail during the proceedings.

"But even with having to go through everything – it's still valuable for me."